The correct answer is option 2, Climogram. A climogram, also known as a climate graph, is a graphical representation of the average temperature and precipitation for a particular region over a specific time period. It shows the relationship between temperature and precipitation, typically using a bar graph for precipitation and a line graph for temperature.

The climogram does not specifically show the direction and duration of wind. It primarily focuses on temperature and precipitation patterns. It is used to understand the climate characteristics of a particular region, helping to identify the types of climates that exist in different parts of the world.

The other options are not related to wind direction and duration. Option 1, Cartogram, is a type of map that distorts the size or shape of geographic regions to represent a specific variable such as population or GDP. Option 3, Ergograph, is a graph that shows the relationship between muscular effort and the amount of work performed. Option 4, Star diagram, also known as a radar chart or spider chart, is a graph that displays multi-dimensional data in the form of a two-dimensional chart with multiple axes.

Therefore, option 2, Climogram, is the most appropriate diagram when it comes to showing the direction and duration of wind.