Option 1: Both the statements are individually true and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I.

This option suggests that both statements are true and that Statement II explains Statement I. However, this is incorrect because Statement II contradicts the first statement. While Statement I implies that the British ruled India through a modern bureaucracy headed by the Indian Civil Service, Statement II states that the Indian Civil Service was based on the wholehearted participation of Indians. These statements do not align.

Option 2: Both the statements are individually true and Statement II is NOT the correct explanation of Statement I.

This option correctly identifies that both statements are true, but Statement II does not explain Statement I. The second statement contradicts the first statement, as explained above.

Option 3: Statement I is true, but Statement II is false.

This is the correct answer. Statement I is correct because the British did rule India through a modern bureaucracy headed by the Indian Civil Service. However, Statement II is false because the Indian Civil Service was not based on the wholehearted participation of Indians. In fact, the Indian Civil Service was primarily composed of British officials, and only a small number of Indians were recruited through the competitive examination.

Option 4: Statement I is false, but Statement II is