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The correct answer is option 3. When wild dogs are introduced into the field, the immediate result will be a decrease in the number of rats. Snakes and vultures feed on rats, so with the presence of wild dogs, the rats will have an additional predator. This will lead to a decrease in the rat population.
Option 1 suggests a decrease in the number of snakes if wild dogs are introduced. However, since snakes feed on rats, a decrease in the rat population may actually result in a decrease in the number of snakes as well.
Option 2 suggests a decrease in the number of vultures, which is not directly affected by the introduction of wild dogs. Vultures mainly feed on carrion or already dead animals.
Option 4 implies an increase in the number of snakes, which is incorrect based on the explanation above.
Therefore, the immediate result of introducing wild dogs into the field would be a decrease in the number of rats.