DNA fingerprinting is a technique used in forensic genetics to identify individuals by analyzing their unique DNA profiles. The correct answer is option 4 - all of the above. This means that DNA fingerprinting can be used to identify parents, rapists, and thieves.
In the case of identifying parents, DNA fingerprinting is commonly used for paternity testing to determine biological relationships between individuals. By comparing the DNA profiles of a child and its alleged parents, it can be determined whether they share a biological bond.
When it comes to identifying rapists, DNA evidence collected from a crime scene can be compared to DNA samples obtained from potential suspects. If there is a match between the crime scene DNA and the suspect`s DNA, it can provide conclusive evidence of their involvement.
Similarly, DNA fingerprinting can be used to link thieves to crime scenes by comparing DNA evidence left behind, such as blood or saliva, to suspects` DNA profiles.
Overall, DNA fingerprinting is a powerful tool in identifying individuals in various forensic contexts.