The correct answer is option 1, Polio. Jonas Salk is credited with inventing the vaccine for polio. Polio is a highly contagious viral infection that can cause paralysis and even death. In the 1950s, polio was a widespread disease that affected thousands of people, particularly children. Jonas Salk developed the inactivated polio vaccine, also known as the Salk vaccine, in 1955. This vaccine caused the immune system to produce antibodies against the poliovirus, providing immunity against the disease. The development of the polio vaccine was a major breakthrough in public health and led to a significant reduction in polio cases worldwide. It is important to note that while Salk`s vaccine was effective, another scientist named Albert Sabin later developed an oral polio vaccine, which is now the more commonly used method of polio vaccination.