The correct answer is option 1, Brihadiswara Temple in Tanjavur. The temple was built by the Chola Kings who ruled over the region during the 11th century. The Brihadiswara Temple is one of the finest examples of Chola architecture and is dedicated to Lord Shiva. It is located in Tanjavur, which was the capital of the Chola dynasty.

Option 2, Meenakshi Temple in Madurai, was not built by the Chola Kings. It was actually built by the Pandya Kings and later expanded by the Nayak rulers.

Option 3, Srirangam Temple in Thiruchirapalli, is also not the correct answer. It was built by the Chola Kings, but it is not a temple built by them. The Srirangam Temple is dedicated to Lord Ranganatha and is one of the most important Vaishnavite temples in South India.

Option 4, Durga Temple in Aihole, is not relevant to the question as it was built during the Chalukya dynasty and not by the Chola Kings.

In conclusion, the Brihadiswara Temple in Tanjavur is the correct answer as it was indeed a