The correct answer is option 1: Mikhail Bakunin. He was a founder member of the Russian Populist Movement, specifically the anarchist branch known as "Anarchism". Bakunin was a Russian revolutionary and philosopher who played a significant role in the development of anarchist theory. He believed in the abolition of all forms of government and authority, advocating for a society based on voluntary cooperation and freedom. Bakunin`s ideas and writings influenced many future anarchists and his work continues to be studied and debated within anarchist circles. Option 2, Gorkhy, is not a known founder member of the Russian Populist Movement. Option 3, Leo Tolstoy, was a renowned Russian writer and philosopher, but he was not directly involved in the founding of Anarchism. Option 4, Turganev, was also a prominent Russian writer, but he was not associated with the founding of Anarchism.