The correct answer is option 3, E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker, who is popularly known as `Periyar`. The other options mentioned are not correctly associated with the name `Periyar`.

Option 1, C.V. Raman Pillai, is an author from Kerala who is known for his contributions to Malayalam literature. He is not associated with the name `Periyar`.

Option 2, C.N. Mudaliar, was an Indian educationist, administrator, and the Vice-Chancellor of Madras University. He is not commonly known as `Periyar`.

Option 4, L. Ramkrishna Pillai, is not widely recognized as `Periyar`.

It is important to note that `Periyar` refers to E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker, a prominent social activist, politician, and advocate for social justice and self-respect of marginalized communities in Tamil Nadu. He is widely revered as `Periyar` by the people.