The S&P 500 is a stock market index that measures the stock performance of 500 large companies listed on stock exchanges in the United States. It relates to finance, more specifically investing, and not technology or construction as presented in other options.

Option 1 refers to supercomputers, which are highly advanced computing machines and have no direct link to the S&P 500. Option 2 represents a technique in e-business, which is a broad and diverse field but lacks relevance to the S&P 500. Option 3 suggests a technique in bridge building, which is a completely different field of civil engineering, again having no association with the S&P 500.

Option 4 is the correct choice since it correctly identifies the S&P 500 as an index associated with large corporations and their stock market performance.