The correct answer is option 2: Universal Adult Franchise. In the United States, the President is elected through a system called the Electoral College. Under this system, citizens who are eligible to vote, known as the universal adult franchise, participate in the election by casting their votes for a slate of electors who are pledged to support a particular presidential candidate. These electors, based on the results of the popular vote in each state, then formally vote for the President and Vice President. The number of electors each state has is determined by the size of its population. Ultimately, it is the electoral votes that determine the outcome of the presidential election, with the candidate who receives a majority (270 out of 538) winning the presidency.