There is some concern regarding the nanoparticles of some chemical elements that are used by the industry in the manufacture of various products. Why? 1. They can accumulate in the environment, and contaminate water and soil. 2. They can enter the food ch

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Q: 98 (IAS/2014)
There is some concern regarding the nanoparticles of some chemical elements that are used by the industry in the manufacture of various products. Why?
1. They can accumulate in the environment, and contaminate water and soil.
2. They can enter the food chains.
3. They can trigger the production of free radicals.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.

question_subject: 

Science

question_exam: 

IAS

stats: 

0,203,63,43,10,10,203

keywords: 

{'nanoparticles': [0, 0, 0, 2], 'chemical elements': [0, 0, 2, 1], 'various products': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'free radicals': [1, 0, 0, 2], 'production': [16, 4, 20, 51], 'industry': [4, 6, 11, 27], 'manufacture': [1, 0, 6, 10]}

All of the given options are valid concerns regarding the nanoparticles of some chemical elements used in industry.

1. Nanoparticles can accumulate in the environment and contaminate water and soil. This can happen through the release of nanoparticles from products during their manufacturing, use, and disposal. Some nanoparticles can persist in the environment for long periods and can be difficult to remove.

2. Nanoparticles can enter the food chains. They can be ingested by organisms, including humans, through the food chain. This can lead to the accumulation of nanoparticles in the body and potentially harmful effects.

3. Nanoparticles can trigger the production of free radicals. Some nanoparticles, especially those containing certain metals, can generate free radicals that can cause oxidative stress in cells. This can lead to cell damage and potentially harmful effects.

Therefore, the correct answer is "1, 2 and 3".