Q: 8 (NDA-I/2022)
question_subject:
Geography
question_exam:
NDA-I
stats:
0,103,34,2,103,17,15
keywords:
{'refining': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'fractional distillation': [0, 0, 1, 0], 'petroleum': [3, 1, 3, 10], 'evaporation': [0, 0, 0, 4], 'techniques': [0, 1, 1, 2], 'funnel': [1, 0, 0, 2], 'sublimation': [1, 0, 3, 6]}
Refining of petroleum is carried out using the fractional distillation technique.
Petroleum is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons with different boiling points. Fractional distillation separates the mixture into different components based on their boiling points. The mixture is heated and vaporized, and the resulting vapors are then condensed at different temperatures to produce different fractions. Each fraction contains hydrocarbons with similar boiling points, which makes it easier to further process and purify them into useful products such as gasoline, diesel, and lubricating oils.
Therefore, the correct answer is "fractional distillation."