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The correct answer is option 1, which states that a new state can be formed by the Parliament of India through a simple majority and by following the ordinary legislative process.
Option 2 mentions two procedures:
- The recommendation of the President, who usually refers the bill to the legislature of the state(s) that will be affected by the proposed changes. This is not a true procedure because the President`s recommendation is not required for the formation of a new state.
- The mention of the bill being referred to the legislature of the state(s) affected is not a true procedure either, as there is no requirement for the bill to be referred to the state legislature.
Option 3 mentions the procedure of the Prime Minister advising the President. This is also not a true procedure as the advice of the Prime Minister is not required for the formation of a new state.
Therefore, option 1 is the correct answer as it accurately states that a new state can be formed by the Parliament of India through a simple majority and the ordinary legislative process.