The correct answer is option 1: Carbon dioxide. During the process of photosynthesis, plants and some other organisms use energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. This process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells.

During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, sunlight is absorbed by chlorophyll molecules in the chloroplasts. This energy is used to split water molecules, releasing oxygen gas as a byproduct. The oxygen is then released into the atmosphere.

The carbon dioxide that is needed for photosynthesis is obtained from the surrounding environment, primarily through tiny openings called stomata on the surface of leaves. Inside the chloroplasts, carbon dioxide molecules are combined with hydrogen and energy from the light-dependent reactions to produce glucose, a sugar that is used as a source of energy for the plant.

Therefore, the oxygen that is released during photosynthesis comes from the oxidation, or breaking down, of carbon dioxide molecules. It is important to note that the other options given (Ribosome, Golgi bodies, and Chromosome) are not involved in photosynthesis or the production of oxygen.