Kidney secretes an enzyme, which changes plasma protein angiotensinogen into angiotensin. The enzyme is

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Q: 16 (NDA-I/2017)
Kidney secretes an enzyme, which changes plasma protein angiotensinogen into angiotensin. The enzyme is

question_subject: 

Science

question_exam: 

NDA-I

stats: 

0,9,12,9,6,2,4

keywords: 

{'protein angiotensinogen': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'angiotensin': [0, 0, 1, 0], 'enzyme': [8, 0, 2, 0], 'nitrogenase': [1, 0, 0, 1], 'kidney': [2, 0, 0, 0], 'oxygenase': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'renin': [3, 1, 0, 1], 'hydrolase': [0, 0, 0, 1]}

The correct answer for the enzyme that is secreted by the kidney and responsible for converting plasma protein angiotensinogen into angiotensin is option 1: Renin.

Renin is an enzyme that is produced and secreted by specialized cells in the kidneys called granular cells or juxtaglomerular cells. It plays a crucial role in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which helps regulate blood pressure and fluid balance.

When the blood pressure in the kidneys drops or there is a decrease in blood flow to the kidneys, it stimulates the release of renin. Renin then acts on angiotensinogen, a protein produced by the liver and released into the bloodstream. Renin cleaves angiotensinogen to produce angiotensin I. Angiotensin I is further converted to angiotensin II by an enzyme called angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which is primarily found in the lungs. Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor, meaning it narrows the blood vessels, causing an increase in blood pressure.

Therefore, the correct enzyme secreted by the kidney, which changes plasma protein angiotensinogen into angiotensin, is