If the Earth`s axis were perpendicular to the plane of its orbit, several changes would occur.

Option 1 states that the North Pole will always lie in the dark. In reality, the Earth`s axial tilt is responsible for the changing seasons and the variation in daylight hours throughout the year. If the Earth`s axis were perpendicular to the plane of its orbit, there would be no tilt, and the North Pole would indeed never experience darkness. Therefore, option 1 is correct.

Option 2 states that days and nights would be equal throughout the year. This is incorrect because the Earth`s axial tilt causes the Sun`s rays to hit different parts of the Earth at different angles, resulting in varying day lengths. So, if the Earth`s axis were perpendicular, there would be no tilt, and the lengths of days and nights would not be equal.

Option 3 states that no change of seasons will take place. This is accurate because it is the Earth`s axial tilt that causes the change of seasons. Without the tilt, there would be no variation in the seasons.

Option 4 states that the Sun will be perpendicular to the Equator. This is also accurate because without the axial tilt, the Sun`s rays would always be perpendicular to the Equator, resulting in consistent