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The correct answer is option 2 - plantation agriculture. Plantation agriculture refers to a highly specialized form of agriculture where a single crop, such as coffee, tea, or rubber, is cultivated on a large scale. It involves the establishment of large plantations, usually owned by a single individual or corporation, and the use of intensive labor and machinery to cultivate and process the crop. This type of agriculture is commonly practiced in tropical regions with favorable climatic conditions for the growth of these specific crops. Multiple cropping (option 1) refers to the practice of growing two or more crops on the same land within a single growing season. Terrace farming (option 3) involves farming on steep slopes by creating terraces to prevent soil erosion. Extensive farming (option 4) refers to a system where large areas of land are used for agriculture with low inputs and minimal labor.