Consider the following phenomena : 1. Light is affected by gravity. 2. The Universe is constantly expanding. 3. Matter warps its surrounding space-time. Which of the above is/are the prediction/predictions of Albert Einsteins General Theory of Relativity,

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Q: 2 (IAS/2018)
Consider the following phenomena :
1. Light is affected by gravity.
2. The Universe is constantly expanding.
3. Matter warps its surrounding space-time.
Which of the above is/are the prediction/predictions of Albert Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity, often discussed in media?

question_subject: 

Science

question_exam: 

IAS

stats: 

0,106,70,28,21,21,106

keywords: 

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The correct answer is Option 4: 1, 2 and 3.

Albert Einstein`s General Theory of Relativity, which he published in 1915, is a theory of gravitation that explains the force of gravity in terms of the curvature of spacetime. The theory makes several predictions that have been confirmed by observational evidence.

1. Light is affected by gravity:

One of the most famous predictions of General Relativity is that gravity can bend the path of light. This effect, known as gravitational lensing, has been observed in many different astrophysical contexts, including the bending of light around massive galaxies and the distortion of the cosmic microwave background radiation by large-scale structures in the universe. The phenomenon was famously confirmed during a solar eclipse in 1919, when observations showed that the positions of stars near the sun appeared to be shifted slightly due to the sun`s gravity bending the path of the light.

2. The Universe is constantly expanding:

Another prediction of General Relativity is that the universe should be expanding. Einstein initially added a "cosmological constant" to his equations to maintain a static universe, but later retracted it when observational evidence showed that the universe was indeed expanding. The expansion of the universe has been confirmed by numerous observations, including the redshift of light from distant galaxies and the cosmic microwave background radiation.

3. Matter warps its surrounding space-time:

General Relativity predicts that massive objects warp the fabric of spacetime around them, causing nearby objects to follow curved paths. This effect, known as gravitational curvature, has been confirmed by a variety of observational tests, including the precession of the orbit of Mercury, the bending of light around massive objects, and the detection of gravitational waves.

In conclusion, all three of the phenomena listed in the question (1, 2, and 3) are predictions of Albert Einstein`s General Theory of Relativity, which have been confirmed by observational evidence.