The correct answer is option 4, apiculture.

- Sericulture refers to the cultivation of silkworms and the development of silk, not bees.

- Silviculture refers to the process of growing and managing trees, not bees.

- Pisciculture refers to the breeding and management of fish, not bees.

Therefore, the breeding and management of bees is specifically known as apiculture. This includes activities such as maintaining beehives, monitoring the health of the bee colonies, and managing their reproduction to increase their numbers. Beekeepers are responsible for ensuring the well-being of the bees, managing honey production, and sometimes even breeding new strains of bees for specific purposes. Apiculture is an important practice for not only honey production but also for the pollination of crops, as bees play a crucial role in the fertilization process. Alert - correct answer should be option 4, apiculture.