The correct answer is option 2 - Inversion. Inversion refers to a phenomenon where the temperature increases with altitude in the atmosphere instead of the normal decrease with altitude. This occurs when a layer of warm air traps cooler air beneath it, creating a temperature inversion. Inversions can have significant effects on weather patterns and air quality as they can trap pollutants and prevent the upward movement of warm air.

Option 1 - Radiation is not the correct answer as radiation refers to the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves, and is not specifically related to temperature changes at higher altitudes.

Option 3 - Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between molecules, and is not directly related to temperature changes at higher altitudes.

Option 4 - Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids, but it is not specifically related to temperature changes at higher altitudes.

Therefore, only option 2 - Inversion is the correct answer for this question.