The correct answer is option 2: Church.

In 1598, Akbar, the Mughal emperor, issued a Farman (decree) that permitted the construction of a church in the city of Cambay (Khambat) in Gujarat. Cambay was an important trading port on the western coast of India. Akbar was known for his tolerant policies towards various religions, and this Farman was a reflection of his religious tolerance.

Option 1: Temple - A temple is a place of worship for Hindus, and it is highly unlikely that Akbar would have issued a decree permitting the construction of a Hindu temple as he was a Muslim emperor.

Option 3: Synagogue - A synagogue is a place of worship for Jews. While Akbar was tolerant towards various religions, there is no historical evidence to suggest that he specifically permitted the construction of a synagogue in Cambay.

Option 4: Jain Upashraya - An Upashraya is a Jain prayer hall or place of worship. While the Jains were and continue to be a significant religious community in Gujarat, there is no historical evidence to suggest that Akbar permitted the construction of a Jain Upashraya in Cambay.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 2: