During the colonial period, the British East India Company formed several subsidiary alliances with Indian states as a means of expanding its influence and control over the subcontinent. These alliances were agreements that involved the British providing military protection to the Indian state in return for a certain degree of political control.

Option 1: Avadh

The first subsidiary alliance was not concluded with Avadh. Avadh was an important Indian state during the colonial period, but it did not enter into a subsidiary alliance with the British as the first one.

Option 2: Mysore

The first subsidiary alliance was not concluded with Mysore either. Mysore was a significant kingdom in Southern India, but it did not become part of a subsidiary alliance with the British initially.

Option 3: Hyderabad

The correct answer is option 3. The first subsidiary alliance was concluded with Hyderabad. Hyderabad was an influential princely state in South India and was the first to enter into a subsidiary alliance with the British. This alliance, signed in 1798, allowed the British to provide military protection to Hyderabad in exchange for control over its foreign relations.

Option 4: Peshwa

The first subsidiary alliance was not concluded with the Peshwa. The Peshwa was the prime minister of the Mar