Consider the following statements: 1. The United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) has a Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air. 2. The UNCAC is the ever-first legally binding global anti-corruption instrument. 3. A hi

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Q: 34 (IAS/2019)
Consider the following statements:
1. The United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) has a ‘Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air’.
2. The UNCAC is the ever-first legally binding global anti-corruption instrument.
3. A highlight of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) is the inclusion of a specific chapter aimed at returning assets to their rightful owners from whom they had been taken illicitly.
4. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) is mandated by its member States to assist in the implementation of both UNCAC and UNTOC.
Which of the statements given above are correct?

question_subject: 

General Knowledge

question_exam: 

IAS

stats: 

0,34,88,55,15,34,18

keywords: 

{'united nations convention': [0, 0, 0, 5], 'uncac': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'transnational organized crime': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'unodc': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'united nations office': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'untoc': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'corruption': [0, 0, 1, 0], 'smuggling': [0, 1, 0, 0], 'member states': [0, 0, 1, 0], 'crime': [2, 0, 0, 5], 'protocol': [0, 0, 1, 3]}

The correct answer is (c) 2 and 4 only.

Explanation:

Statement 1 is incorrect: The United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) does have a ‘Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children’, but it does not have a specific protocol against the smuggling of migrants.

Statement 2 is correct: The UNCAC is indeed the first legally binding global anti-corruption instrument. It was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 2003 and entered into force in 2005.

Statement 3 is incorrect: The United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) does have a specific chapter on asset recovery, but it is not aimed at returning assets to their rightful owners from whom they had been taken illicitly. Rather, it sets out measures for the identification, freezing, seizure, and confiscation of proceeds of crime.

Statement 4 is correct: The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) is indeed mandated by its member States to assist in the implementation of both UNCAC and UNTOC. UNODC provides technical assistance, training, and other support to countries in their efforts to prevent and combat corruption, transnational organized crime, and related issues.